University of Tabriz Journal of Zoonotic Diseases 2476-535X 9 2 2025 04 01 Molecular insights into Trypanosoma evansi prevalence in Dromedary camels of Northern Iran 792 800 18903 10.22034/jzd.2024.63603.1301 EN Mohammad Fatemi Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 0009-0005-7501-6044 Gholamreza Mohammadi Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Mehran Ghaemi Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 0000-0002-4606-8161 Mohammad Azizzadeh Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Mohammad Sadegh Golvajouei Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Iran Journal Article 2024 09 21 Camel trypanosomiasis, caused by various haemoprotozoan parasites, is a devastating disease with severe health impacts. <em>Trypanosoma evansi</em>, the most prevalent parasite in camels, causes surra disease, transmitted mechanically by biting flies without an intermediate host. Clinical manifestations include intermittent fever, anemia, loss of body condition, edema, and abortion in infected animals. This study utilized real-time PCR to detect <em>T. evansi</em> in dromedary camels in Golestan province, northern Iran. Using random cluster sampling, 48 blood samples were collected from camels in four counties: Gonbad-e-Kavoos, Kalaleh, Agh-ghala, and Gomishan. Real-time PCR detected <em>T. evansi</em> in 6 samples (12.5%; 95% CI: 3.2-21.8). In Gonbad-e-Kavoos, Agh-ghala, and Kalaleh, 2 out of 12 samples (16.6%) tested positive in each county, while no positive samples were found in Gomishan. High sensitivity and specificity diagnostic techniques are crucial for detecting and controlling the disease. This study confirms the prevalence of <em>T. evansi</em> in Golestan province and demonstrates the utility of real-time PCR for its detection and control. Trypanosoma evansi Dromedary camel Golestan province Real time PCR Surra https://jzd.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_18903_96642da8e7fb8827110a0acb89a0bc61.pdf