ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Neosporosis in Iran; recent evidences and perspectives
Neospora caninum is considered as a cyst forming coccidian parasite nearly related to Toxoplasma gondii. Shortly after discovery of N. caninum,neosporosis has identified as a notable infectious disease of both cattle and dogs worldwide, which it frequently leads to clinical infections in warm-blooded animals such as horses, goats, sheep, camels and deer. More importantly, in cattle industry, it is mentioned one of the important causes of abortion in too many countries. Economic losses from N. caninum infection are associated with abortion, stillbirth, neonatal mortality, increased culling and reduced milk yield in cattle industry in the world. Different diagnostic tools can be used for detection of N. caninum infection including histology, polymerase chain reaction and serology. Because of the intimately biologic relationship of N. caninum to Toxoplasma gondii and since non-human primates had been experimentally infected, an issue of concern is that N. caninum might be zoonotic. Previously, some researchers successfully infected two rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulata) with N. caninum experimentally,which reinforces the concern about the zoonotic potential of this disease. In the one last decade, N. caninum has been extensively investigated in Iran. In this sense, the present paper reviews recent knowledge on biology, life cycle, transmission and zoonotic aspects of N. caninum. Attention is also paid to presence of N. caninum infection in the last decade in Iran.
https://jzd.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_10722_e86905364118c3b52ae01d81eb10191e.pdf
2020-08-01
1
24
10.22034/jzd.2020.10722
Neospora caninum
neosporosis
cattle
dog
Iran
Mohammad Mehdi
Namavari
namavari@yahoo.com
1
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Serologic prevalence of leptospiral infection in the horses in Kurdistan Province in Iran
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with global distribution, the main source is rodents and wild animals that excrete leptospira in their urine. This study was conducted on 167 horses to determine the serologic prevalence of leptospiral infection in Kurdistan Province, Iran. Sera were examined at 1:100 dilution using six live serovars of Leptospira interrogans, including Pomona, Canicola, Hardjo, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Australis, and Grippotyphosa, through microscopic agglutination test (MAT). The significance of the obtained results was examined in the SPSS24 software by different tests, including T-test and ANOVA. Of 167 samples, there were 16 (9.6%) positive and 151 (90.4%) negative samples with significant differences (P < 0.05). Icterohaemorrhagiae was the most abundant strain, and Grippotyphosa and Australis had the least numbers. Hardjo and Pomona were not observed here. The grouping was based on population and determined by dental pattern. Age groups of < 2 years, 2-4 years, and 4-6 years presented one (2.94%), seven (10.60%), and eight (18.6%) positive samples. No positive samples were found in samples aged over six years, with no significant differences among the age groups. Of 91 mares and 76 stallions, 12 (13.18%) mares, and 4 (5.26%) stallions were positive. The sexes were not significantly different in terms of serologic leptospiral infection. Of 16 positive samples, Kurdish, Arab, and hybrid races comprised seven (43.8%), five (31.3%), and four (25%) of the horses, respectively. Significant differences were observed among the genera and races of the horses infected with different Leptospira serovars (P < 0.05). It can, therefore, be concluded that serologic infection with different Leptospira serovars is found in the horses studied in Kurdistan Province, which necessitates preventive measures against its further prevalence.
https://jzd.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_10911_ad72a80f248d1bd9b160768a0c0e51d8.pdf
2020-08-01
25
38
10.22034/jzd.2020.10911
Horse
Serologic prevalence
Leptospirosis
MAT (Microscopic Agglutination Test)
Kurdistan
Negisa
Zaman
negisa.zaman@gmail.com
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Hassanpour
alihassanpour53@gmail.com
2
Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Gholamreza
Abdollahpour
gabdollahpour@gmail.com
3
Department of Internal medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran,Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Aghamohammadzadeh M., Fartashvand M., Abdollahpour G., Hassanpour A. and Anzabi A. (2015). Relation
1
between Specific Anti-Leptospira Antibodies in the Aqueous Humor of the Eye and Seroprevalence of Leptospirosis in Stallion in Veterinary Faculty of Islamic Azad University- Tabriz Branch. Journal of Veterinary Microbiology, 11 , pp. 135-43.
2
Bengtsson J. (2018). Grazing and farm management of broodmares as an exposure to leptospirosis on commercial equine properties in New Zealand. Degree Project in Veterinary Medicine. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
3
Constable P.D., Hinchcliff K.W., Done S.H. and Grunberg W. (2017). Leptospirosis In: Veterinary Medicine (a textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, and goats),11th ed., Saunders Ltd.
4
Correia L., Martins G. and Lilenbaum W. (2017). Detection of anti-Leptospira inhibitory antibodies in horses after vaccination. Microbiology and Pathology, 110, pp. 494-6.
5
Egan J. and Yearsley D. (1986). A serological survey of leptospiral infection in horses in the Republic of Ireland. Veterinary Record, 119, pp. 306.
6
Ellis W.A., Bryson D.G., Obrien J.J. and Neill S.D. (1983). Leptospiral infection in aborted equine foetuses. Equine Veterinary Journal , 15, pp. 321-4.
7
Faber N.A., Crawford M., LeFebvre R.B., Buyukmihci N.C., Madigan J.E. and Willits N.H. (2000) Detection of Leptospira spp. in the aqueous humor of horses with naturally acquired recurrent uveitis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 38, pp. 2731-3.
8
Haji Hajikolaei Mr., Gorbanpour M., Haidari M. and Abdollahpour G. (2005). Comparison of Leptospiral Infection in the Horse and Donkey. Bulletin- Veterinary Institute in Pulawy, 49, pp. 175-8.
9
Hamond C., Martins G., Lawson-Ferreira R., Medeiros MA. and Lilenbaum W.(2012). The role of horses in the transmission of leptospirosis in an urban tropical area. Epidemiology and Infection, 141, pp. 33-5.
10
Hartskeerl R., Goris M., Brem S., Meyer P., Kopp H., Gerhards H. and Wollanke B. (2004). Classification of leptospira from the eyes of horses suffering from recurrent uveitis. Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 51, pp. 110-5.
11
Hassanpour A., Monfared N., Abdollahpour G. and Satari S. (2009).
12
Seroprevalence of leptospiral infection in horses in Tabriz-Iran. Journal of Bacteriology Research, 1, pp. 97-100.
13
Imandar M., Hassanpour A., Asgarlou S., Abdollahpour G., Sadeghi Zali M.H. and Khakpoor M. (2011) . Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in industrial livestock slaughterhouse workers in Khoy City. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, 16, pp. 77-85.
14
Jahed-Dashliboron O., Hassanpour A. and Abdollahpour G. (2013). Serological Study of Leptospirosis in Horses in Gonbad, Iran. Global Veterinaria, 10, pp. 51-4.
15
Khousheh Y., Hassanpour A., Abdollahpour G. and Mogaddam S. (2012). Seroprevalence of Leptospira Infection in Horses in Ardabil-Iran. Global Veterinaria, 9, pp. 586-9.
16
Malalana F., Blundell R.J., Pinchbeck G.L. and McGowan C.M. (2017). The role of Leptospira spp. in horses affected with recurrent uveitis in the UK. Equine Veterinary Journal, 49, pp. 706-9.
17
Park Y.G., Gordon J.C., Bech-Nielsen S. and Slemons R.D. (1992). Factors for seropositivity to leptospirosis in horses. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 13, pp. 121-7.
18
Peixoto Ribeiro T.M., Correia L., Hofstaetter Spohr K.A., Aguiar D.M., Martins G. and de Sá Jayme V. (2018). Risk Factors Associated With Seroreactivity Against Leptospira sp. in Horses From Brazilian Amazon. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 68, pp. 59-62.
19
Pilgrim S. and Threlfall W. (1999). Serologic study of leptospirosis in mares. Equine practice, 12(8), pp. 20-23.
20
Roth R.M. and Gleckman RA. (1985). Human infections derived from dogs. Postgraduate Medicine, 77, pp. 169-80.
21
Sauvage A., Monclin S., Elansary M., Hansen P. and Grauwels M. (2019). Detection of intraocular Leptospira spp. by real‐time polymerase chain reaction in horses with recurrent uveitis in Belgium. Equine Veterinary Journal, 51, pp. 299-303.
22
Sheoran A.S., Nally J.E., Donahue J.M., Smith B.J. and Timoney J.F.(2000). Antibody isotypes in sera of equine fetuses aborted due to Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona-type kennewicki infection. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 77, pp. 301-9.
23
Sohail M.L., Khan M.S., Ijaz, M., Avais
24
Aghamohammadzadeh M., Fartashvand M., Abdollahpour G., Hassanpour A. and Anzabi A. (2015). Relation between Specific Anti-Leptospira Antibodies in the Aqueous Humor of the Eye and Seroprevalence of Leptospirosis in Stallion in Veterinary Faculty of Islamic Azad University- Tabriz Branch. Journal of Veterinary Microbiology, 11 , pp. 135-43.
25
Bengtsson J. (2018). Grazing and farm management of broodmares as an exposure to leptospirosis on commercial equine properties in New Zealand. Degree Project in Veterinary Medicine. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
26
Constable P.D., Hinchcliff K.W., Done S.H. and Grunberg W. (2017). Leptospirosis In: Veterinary Medicine (a textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, and goats),11th ed., Saunders Ltd.
27
Correia L., Martins G. and Lilenbaum W. (2017). Detection of anti-Leptospira inhibitory antibodies in horses after vaccination. Microbiology and Pathology, 110, pp. 494-6.
28
Egan J. and Yearsley D. (1986). A serological survey of leptospiral infection in horses in the Republic of Ireland. Veterinary Record, 119, pp. 306.
29
Ellis W.A., Bryson D.G., Obrien J.J. and Neill S.D. (1983). Leptospiral infection in aborted equine foetuses. Equine Veterinary Journal , 15, pp. 321-4.
30
Faber N.A., Crawford M., LeFebvre R.B., Buyukmihci N.C., Madigan J.E. and Willits N.H. (2000) Detection of Leptospira spp. in the aqueous humor of horses with naturally acquired recurrent uveitis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 38, pp. 2731-3.
31
Haji Hajikolaei Mr., Gorbanpour M., Haidari M. and Abdollahpour G. (2005). Comparison of Leptospiral Infection in the Horse and Donkey. Bulletin- Veterinary Institute in Pulawy, 49, pp. 175-8.
32
Hamond C., Martins G., Lawson-Ferreira R., Medeiros MA. and Lilenbaum W.(2012). The role of horses in the transmission of leptospirosis in an urban tropical area. Epidemiology and Infection, 141, pp. 33-5.
33
Hartskeerl R., Goris M., Brem S., Meyer P., Kopp H., Gerhards H. and Wollanke B. (2004). Classification of leptospira from the eyes of horses suffering from recurrent uveitis. Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 51, pp. 110-5.
34
Hassanpour A., Monfared N., Abdollahpour G. and Satari S. (2009). Seroprevalence of leptospiral infection in horses in Tabriz-Iran. Journal of Bacteriology Research, 1, pp. 97-100.
35
Imandar M., Hassanpour A., Asgarlou S., Abdollahpour G., Sadeghi Zali M.H. and Khakpoor M. (2011) . Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in industrial livestock slaughterhouse workers in Khoy City. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, 16, pp. 77-85.
36
Jahed-Dashliboron O., Hassanpour A. and Abdollahpour G. (2013). Serological Study of Leptospirosis in Horses in Gonbad, Iran. Global Veterinaria, 10, pp. 51-4.
37
Khousheh Y., Hassanpour A., Abdollahpour G. and Mogaddam S. (2012). Seroprevalence of Leptospira Infection in Horses in Ardabil-Iran. Global Veterinaria, 9, pp. 586-9.
38
Malalana F., Blundell R.J., Pinchbeck G.L. and McGowan C.M. (2017). The role of Leptospira spp. in horses affected with recurrent uveitis in the UK. Equine Veterinary Journal, 49, pp. 706-9.
39
Park Y.G., Gordon J.C., Bech-Nielsen S. and Slemons R.D. (1992). Factors for seropositivity to leptospirosis in horses. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 13, pp. 121-7.
40
Peixoto Ribeiro T.M., Correia L., Hofstaetter Spohr K.A., Aguiar D.M., Martins G. and de Sá Jayme V. (2018). Risk Factors Associated With Seroreactivity Against Leptospira sp. in Horses From Brazilian Amazon. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 68, pp. 59-62.
41
Pilgrim S. and Threlfall W. (1999). Serologic study of leptospirosis in mares. Equine practice, 12(8), pp. 20-23.
42
Roth R.M. and Gleckman RA. (1985). Human infections derived from dogs. Postgraduate Medicine, 77, pp. 169-80.
43
Sauvage A., Monclin S., Elansary M., Hansen P. and Grauwels M. (2019). Detection of intraocular Leptospira spp. by real‐time polymerase chain reaction in horses with recurrent uveitis in Belgium. Equine Veterinary Journal, 51, pp. 299-303.
44
Sheoran A.S., Nally J.E., Donahue J.M., Smith B.J. and Timoney J.F.(2000). Antibody isotypes in sera of equine fetuses aborted due to Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona-type kennewicki infection. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 77, pp. 301-9.
45
Sohail M.L., Khan M.S., Ijaz, M., Avais M., Zahoor, M.Y., Naseer O. and Saleem M.U. (2017). Evidence of Clinicopathological Changes during Equine Leptospirosis. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49, pp. 849-83.
46
Trimble A.C., Blevins C.A., Beard L.A., Deforno A.R. and Davis E.G. (2018). Seroprevalence, frequency of leptospiuria, and associated risk factors in horses in Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska from 2016-2017. PLoS One, 13, e0206639.
47
Verma A., Stevenson B. and Adler B. (2013). Leptospirosis in horses. Veterinary microbiology, 167, pp. 61-66.
48
Verma B.B., Biberstein E.L. and Meyer M.E. (1997). Serologic survey of leptospiral antibodies in horses in California. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 38, pp. 1443-4.
49
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Seroepidemiological investigation of influenza type A (a zoonotic disease) in native turkeys in East Azerbaijan
Influenza is one of the acute respiratory viral diseases. The purpose of this study was seroepidemiology of type A flu in native turkeys in East Azerbaijan province, Iran. During 18 months, 350 blood samples were taken randomly from the turkey flocks in East-Azerbaijan, Iran. The collected sera were stored at -70°C for further analyses. To determine the influenza antibody level, the Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and single radial immunodiffusion (SRD) tests were performed. Firstly, the mean HI titers of each flock and area were recorded separately, which subsequently compared with the SRD data. Interestingly, all of the serum samples were negative for the H5 and H7 antigens. However, some of them were positive for H9. There were significant differences in the mean titers of HI in vaccinated and non-vaccinated herds against influenza, different age groups, and the flocks with and without clinical symptoms (p ˂ 0.05). Taken to gather, it seems that vaccination against influenza virus and an increase in age can increase serum titration of influenza virus. Regarding the presence of influenza virus in the turkey flocks with the various antigenic features and high mutation rate, it should be considered in relation to public health.
https://jzd.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_10912_f3988afe7c6c671a4983c40b7ee38143.pdf
2020-08-01
39
46
10.22034/jzd.2020.10912
Seroepidemiology
Influenza type A
East Azerbaijan
Turkey
Ali Reza
Dehnad
dehnadar@yahoo.com
1
Biotechnology Department, East Azerbaijan Research and Education Center Agricultural and Natural Resources (AREEO), Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Behrouz
Naghili
naghili_b@yahoo.com
2
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammadreza
Ghorani
mo_gh66@yahoo.com
3
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Alexander D.J. (2000b). The history of avian influenza in poultry. World Poultry. 7-8.
1
Alexander D.J. (2000a). A review of avian infuenza in different bird species. Veterinary Microbiology, pp. 3-13.
2
Al-Natour M.Q. (2005). Sero-prevalence of avian influenza among broiler-breeder flocks in Jordan. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 70, pp. 45–50.
3
Brown J.D. and Stallknecht D.E. (2006). Susceptibility of North American Ducks and Gulls to H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 12 (11), pp. 1663-1670
4
Capua I., Mutinelli F., Marangon S. and Alexander D.J. (2000). H7N1 avian influenza in Italy (1999 to 2000) in intensively reared chickens and turkeys. Avian Pathology, 29, pp. 537–543.
5
Chen H., Deng G., Li Z., Tian G., Li Y., Jiao P., Zhang L., Liu Z., Webster R.G. and Yu K. (2004). The evolution of H5N1 influenza viruses in ducks in southern China. Proceeding of National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101, pp. 10452–10457.
6
Eggert D. and Swayne D.E. (2010). Single vaccination provides limited protection to ducks and geese against H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus. Avian Diseases, 54, pp. 1224–1229.
7
Ellis T.M. (2004). Vaccination of chickens against H5N1 avian influenza in the face of an outbreak interrupts virus transmission. Avian Pathology, 33(4), pp. 405-412.
8
Halvorson D.A. (2000). The control of avian influenza. In: Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Turkey Diseases, Anonymous Germany Veterinary Medical Society, Berlin, pp. 131-138.
9
Humberd J., Boyd K. and Webster R.G. (2007). Emergence of influenza a virus variants after prolonged shedding from pheasants. Journal of Virology, 81, pp. 4044–4051.
10
Irvine R.M., Alexander D.J. and Brown I.H. (2010). Infection dynamics of highly pathogenic avian influenza and virulent avian paramyxovirus type 1 viruses in chickens, turkeys and ducks. Avian Pathology, 39, pp. 265–273.
11
Seo S.H. and Webster R.G. (2001). Cross-reactive, cell-mediated immunity and protection of chickens from lethal H5N1 influenza virus infection in Hong Kong poultry markets. Journal of Virology, 75, pp. 2516-2525.
12
Swayne D.E., Beck J.R., Perdue M.L. and Beard C.W. (2001). Efficacy of vaccines in chickens against highly pathogenic Hong Kong H5N1 avian influenza. Avian Diseases, 45, pp. 355-365.
13
Swayne D.E., Suarez D.L. and Sims L.D. (2013). Influenza, In: Swayne DE, Glisson JR, McDougald LR, Nolan LK, Suarez DL, Nair N. Diseases of poultry. 13th ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 281-218
14
Woo J.T. and Park B.K. (2008). Seroprevalence of low pathogenic avian influenza (H9N2) and associated risk factors in the Gyeonggi-do of Korea during 2005-2006. Veterinary Science, pp. 161-168.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of ceftiofur hydrochloride treatment in acute Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cattle: a randomized clinical trial
Mastitis caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most common causes of environmental mastitis in dairy cows, which can impact on the milk quality. In this randomized clinical trial, dairy cattle with naturally acquired acute E. coli mastitis (between January 2014 and December 2016, n = 100) were treated with ceftiofur hydrochloride (group A) or placebo (group B) and their rates of clinical recovery 5 days after starting treatment were compared. The cows were randomized into two groups with a 1:1 allocation ratio on the basis of their ear tag numbers. All cows concurrently received supportive measures such as anti-inflammatory treatment, fluid therapy, and frequent milking. Of the 50 cows in the antibiotic group, 41 (82%) recovered clinically. Of the 50 cows in the placebo group, two (4%) recovered (P < 0.01). The rates of quarter recovery in the two groups on day 5 were 31.7% and 0%, respectively (P < 0.01). Our results suggest that even when treated with intensive supportive therapy, cows with naturally acquired acute E. coli mastitis will exhibit poor recovery rates if they are not treated with an effective antibiotic such as ceftiofur hydrochloride. Regarding the presence and shedding of the E. coli microorganisms in the milk, it should be considered in relation to public health.
https://jzd.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_10703_65e04e43b807cb185bdd04d365741d7d.pdf
2020-08-01
47
55
10.22034/jzd.2020.10703
dairy cow
acute mastitis
Escherichia coli
Treatment
ceftiofur
Hossein
Hamali
1
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Vahideh
Hamidi Sofiani
hamidisafiani@gmail.com
2
Gratuated student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Katayon
Nofouzi
3
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
References
1
Anderson K.L. (1989). Therapy for acute coliform mastitis. Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practising Veterinarian, 11, pp.1125-1133.
2
Bargi, A., Hamali H., Nofouzi K., Saberivand A. and Johari-Ahar S. (2015). Effect of intravenous infusion of hypertonic saline on treatment of the cows with acute E. coli mastitis. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences, 4 (3), pp. 01-04.
3
Blowey R. and Edmondson P. (2010). Mastitis control in dairy herds. 2 ed. Cambridge, MA: CAB International.
4
Cebra C.K., Garry F.B. and Dinsmore R.P. (1996). Naturally occurring acute coliform mastitis in Holstein cattle. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 10, pp. 252-257.
5
Erskine R.J., bartllet P.C., VanLente J.L. and Phipps C.R. (2002). Efficacy of Systemic Ceftiofur as a Therapy for Severe Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 85(10), pp. 2571–2575.
6
Hagiwara S., Mori K., Okada H., Oikawa S. and Nagahata H. (2014). Acute Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Diagnostic Parameters Associated with Poor Prognosis. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 76(11), pp.1431–1436.
7
Harmon R.J., Eberhart R.J., Jasper D.E., Langlois B.E. and Wilson R.A. (1990). Microbiological Procedures for the Diagnosis of Bovine Udder Infection. 3rd ed. National Mastitis Council Inc., Arlington, VA.
8
Hogan J.S. (2017). Laboratory Handbook on Bovine Mastitis. 2nd ed. NMC, Madison, WI.
9
Hogan J.S., Weiss W.P., Todhunter D.A., Smith K.L. and Schoenberger P.S. (1992). Efficacy of an Escherichia coli J5 mastitis vaccine in an experimental challenge trial. Journal of Dairy Science, 75(2), pp. 415-422.
10
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11
Katholm J. and Andersen P.H. (1992). Acute coliform mastitis in dairy cows: Endotoxin and biochemical changes in plasma and colony-forming units in milk. Veterinary Record, 131, pp. 513–514.
12
Katholm J. (2003). Treatment of Coliform Mastitis in Bovine Practice: Can Antibiotics be avoided? Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 44 (1), 8.
13
Morin D.E., Shanks R.D. and McCoy G.C. (1998). Comparison of antibiotic administration in conjunction with supportive measures versus supportive measures alone for treatment of dairy cows with clinical mastitis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 213(5), pp. 676-84.
14
Persson Y., Katholm J., Landin H. and Mork. M.J. (2015). Efficacy of enrofloxacin for the treatment of acute clinical mastitis caused by Escherichia coli in dairy cows. Veterinary Record, 176, 673.
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Pyorala S. (2009). Treatment of mastitis during lactation. Irish Veterinary Journal, 62, S40.
16
Suojala L., Kaartinen L. and Pyorala S. (2013). Treatment for bovine Escherichia coli mastitis-an evidence-based approach. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 6, pp. 521-31.
17
Truchetti G., Bouchard E., Descoteaux L., Scholl D. and Roy J.P. (2014). Efficacy of extended intramammary ceftiofur therapy against mild to moderate clinical mastitis in Holstein dairy cows: A randomized clinical trial. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research, 78(1), pp. 31–37.
18
Ward W.R., Hughes J.W., Faull W.B., Cripps P.J., Sutherland J.P. and Sutherst J.E. (2002). Observational study of temperature, moisture, pH and bacteria in straw bedding, and faecal consistency, cleanliness and mastitis in cows in four dairy herds. Veterinary Record, 151(7), pp. 199-206.
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Wenz J.R., Barrington G.M., Garry F.B., McSweeney K.D., Dinsmore R.P., Goodell G. and Gallan R.J. (2001). Bacteremia associated with naturally occurring acute coliform mastitis in dairy cows. American Veterinary Medical Association, 219, pp. 976-981.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Esophageal gongylonemosis in ruminants slaughtered in Hamedan and Babol, Iran
Members of the genus Gongylonema are thread-like nematodes that infect the upper digestive tract of birds, various mammals, and humans. To date, the infection with Gongylonema species has been reported in over 60 human cases, including one in Iran. This study was planned to investigate the state of infection in cattle, sheep, and goats slaughtered in Hamedan industrial abattoir, and sheep and goats slaughtered in Babol industrial abattoir. From March 2018 to June 2019, full-length esophagi were collected from 384 cattle (Hamedan) and 584 sheep and goats (384 from Hamedan and 200 from Babol). The esophagi were cut longitudinally and inspected for observation of zigzag burrowed tunnels in the mucosa. The tissue-embedded worms were carefully retrieved, preserved in ethanol/glycerine and examined microscopically. Out of 968 examined animals, three (0.8%) cattle harbored Gongylonema spp. nematodes in their esophagus. The relative length of the left spicule/body length in the only male nematode was 48.94, suggesting of G. pulchrum. This study provides the first information on Gongylonema infection of livestock in Hamedan province. The low infection rate of cattle and absence of infection in small ruminants suggests that climate change and/or improvement of rearing conditions and hygiene measures might have led to this. A combination of molecular and morphological methods is crucial in speciation of Gongylonema spp. in ruminants, especially G. pulchrum and G. nepalensis, which are almost identical morphologically wise.
https://jzd.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_10985_92e3dd22c604cdd7393e38b5d9911107.pdf
2020-08-01
56
63
10.22034/jzd.2020.10985
Gullet worm
Livestock
Small ruminants
Vector-borne
Zoonoses
Alireza
Sazmand
alireza.sazmand@basu.ac.ir
1
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Shaghayegh
Ehsani-Barahman
shbarahman@gmail.com
2
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Hossein
Moradi
hosseinmoradi4174@gmail.com
3
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohamamd
Abedi
mabedi397@gmail.com
4
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Zahra
Bahirae
z.bahiraei@vm.basu.ac.ir
5
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Nourian
nourian@basu.ac.ir
6
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Anwar M., Rak H. and Gyorkos T. (1979). The incidence of Gongylonema pulchrum from cattle in Tehran, Iran. Veterinary Parasitology,5, pp. 271–274.
1
Borji H., Moghaddas E., Razmi G.R. and Azad M. (2013). A survey of ecto-and endo-parasites of domestic pigeons (Columba livia) in Mashhad, Iran. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology,4, pp. 37–42.
2
Eslami A., Ashrafihelan J. and Vahedi N. (2010). Study on the prevalence and pathology of Gongylonema pulchrum (gullet worm) of sheep from Iran. Global Veterinaria,5, pp. 45–48.
3
Eslami A. and Fakhrzadegan F. (1972). Les nématodes parasites du tube digestif des bovins en Iran. Revue d’élevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux25, pp. 527–529. [in French].
4
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prevalence of Hydatidosis, Fasciolosis, and Dicrocoeliasis in slaughtered animals in slaughterhouses of West Azerbaijan province, Iran
Zoonotic parasitic diseases are one of the main causes of human infections. Among the parasitic zoonotic diseases, hydatidosis is very important in worldwide. In Iran, the disease is common in domestic animals, and human infection has been found from various regions. In this study, the frequency of parasitic diseases consisting of hydatidosis, fasciolosis, and dicrocoeliasis was investigated in sheep, goats, and cattle that slaughtered in slaughterhouses of West Azerbaijan province (northwestern of Iran) between 2014- 2019. Touch and incision methods were used to investigate hydatidosis and liver parasites. According to the results, the prevalence in 2018-2019 in sheep, goats, and cattle was lower than in other years. Considering the importance of these diseases in human and public health, it is very important to study the methods of reducing the prevalence of these factors in slaughter animals.
https://jzd.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_11011_3d8051581f4cc194e1b9b1ba0f4a6bce.pdf
2020-08-01
64
70
10.22034/jzd.2020.11011
cattle
Sheep
Dicrocoeliasis
Fasciolosis
Hydatidosis
Iran
Aghakhan
kheiri
dvmkheiri@yahoo.com
1
Deputy of Food and Drug, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ata
kaboudari
ata_kabudari@yahoo.com
2
Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Shiri
m.shirii@yahoo.com
3
General Veterinary Office of West Azerbaijan Province
AUTHOR
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